Early 20th-century British economist, philosopher, and financier John Maynard Keynes frequently discussed the difficulties faced by investors in attempting to make sense of an uncertain future. His theories center on using careful investment strategies to manage economic uncertainty.

According to Keynes, investing successfully is similar to navigating through a thick fog at night. Investors must operate with little information and the uncertainty that lies ahead, much like sailors find it challenging to chart their course without clear visibility or knowledge of hidden dangers. These invisible impediments in the mist are similar to the "dark forces" Keynes speaks of.

He maintained that in order to overcome these obstacles, knowledgeable investors must cultivate an acute awareness of market dynamics, economic trends, and human behavior. By doing this, they will be able to make better decisions in spite of the future's uncertainties. It's as though a seasoned sailor gains the ability to decipher subtle clues in the sky and water, allowing them to navigate through the fog with more assurance.

In addition to being a theorist, Keynes was a practical investor who put his theories to use in actual situations. He promoted an investment strategy that prioritizes adaptability and flexibility over strict adherence to historical trends or crude forecasts of future events.

Essentially, Keynes' message exhorts investors to be perceptive and proactive as opposed to passive and reactive. They can more successfully negotiate the hazy waters of economic uncertainty by developing abilities like critical thinking, historical perspective, and a thorough understanding of financial systems.